Object-Oriented Programming in Python for Algorithmic & Crypto Trading 9/100 Days

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Object-Oriented Programming

Day 9: Welcome to the world of Python OOP and Algo Trading

Welcome to Day 9 of 100 Days of Hell with Python Algo Trading. It’s not an easy journey—waking up at 2 am every day to record a video and then leaving for office at 7 am. But the lesson lies in the struggle. Today we will talk about a very important and powerful technique of Python—Object-Oriented Programming (OOP).

Object-Oriented Programming in Python: What and Why?

OOP is a concept that is essential to building any large, production-ready software.

Why is OOP important?

  • Makes the code organized, readable and scalable
  • Makes it easier to manage large projects
  • Makes it modular by dividing each component into different blocks (objects)

OOP Concepts: Simple and practical examples
There are 6 main concepts of OOP, which are used in any Python project:

1. What is a Class?

  • Class is a blueprint that tells how the object will be
  • For example “Human” is a class which has some attributes (like two hands, two legs) and functions (like walking, thinking)

2. What is an Object?

  • Object is a real-world instance of a class
  • If “Human” is a class, then “Amit” and “Sita” can be two objects

3. Encapsulation

  • Bundling data and functions in one place
  • It maintains security and data integrity

4. Inheritance

  • A class can inherit the properties of another class
  • Like “Employee” class can take properties from “Human” class

5. Polymorphism

  • A single function can behave in many ways
  • Example: walk() function A child can walk in a different way and an old person can walk in a different way

6. Abstraction

  • Showing important things and hiding other details
  • Like when you drive a car, you don’t see the internal process of the engine, you just use gear, brake, steering

Importance of OOP in Algo Trading

Object-Oriented Programming Part

Object-Oriented in Algorithmic Trading with Python Programming is helpful at many levels:

  • Structuring Quantitative Trading Strategies
  • Defining strategies into separate classes
  • Indicators, signals, execution—all as separate objects
  • Uses in Crypto Trading Automation
  • Easy to convert every exchange, API, and strategy into an object
  • Makes code reusable, maintainable, and secure
  • Role of OOP in Best Algorithmic Trading Software in USA
    Platforms like Freqtrade, Zipline, QuantConnect operate on OOP-based architecture

Strategies are deployed using classes and modules

OOP in Quantitative Analysis for Trading in Singapore
Managing Trading Bots, Indicators, and Signal Analysis by creating separate objects

Making strategy building and risk management more modular

A simple example: Human Class
Suppose we have a Human class:

class Human:

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name

self.legs = 2

self.hands = 2

def walk(self):

print(f”{self.name} is walking”)

def think(self):

print(f”{self.name} is thinking”)

Now we can create an object of it:

person = Human(“Aakash”)

person.walk()

This example shows how real-life entities can be inserted into Python’s OOP structure.

Watch this Day 9 video tutorial

Day 9: OOP Part1

1. Consider these code snippets: Snippet A: class A: …, Snippet B: def func_a(): …. Which statement is true in Python, and why?

2. Which OOP feature enables code like this: class Shape: … , class Square(Shape): …, class Circle(Shape): … , my_shape = Square(). Explain the mechanism involved.

3. Suppose you have a Person class. Instead of storing ‘age’ as a regular attribute, you decide to calculate it on the fly based on the current date and birthdate. Discuss how this embodies OOP principles.

4. You have a function calculate_area(shape), and you want to include this behavior within your various shape classes (e.g. Square, Circle). What’s the most OOP-centric way to do this, and why?

5. You’re designing a system where you have a Vehicle class, Car and Truck inheriting from it, and a Manufacturer class. An association needs to exist between Manufacturer and Vehicle. Which is most accurate and why?

6. What’s the potential pitfall of only defining __eq__ for a custom class without also considering __hash__?

7. Could you explain a scenario where defining __setattr__ could be useful over manipulating object attributes directly?

8. Describe a situation where using @classmethod would be more appropriate than @staticmethod within a class.

9. Why does Python need the explicit self reference within object methods, compared to implicit ‘this’ in languages like Java or C++?

10. Your custom Number class needs to support the unary minus operator (e.g., -my_number). Which magic method is responsible for this?

11. What’s the difference between implementing __add__ vs. implementing __radd__ for your custom Number class?

12. You want your Number class to support += augmented assignment. Do you need to implement a special method for this, and if so, which one?

13. To make your Number class participate in mixed-type arithmetic (e.g., my_number * 2.5), what’s a key strategy?

14. Metaclasses can be used for which advanced technique?

15. Which of the following is NOT a common downside of using inheritance heavily in practice?

16. Consider the task of modeling ‘shapes’. Which scenario might make you hesitate in favor of an OOP approach using inheritance, and why?

17. What might be an OOP alternative to deep inheritance hierarchies?

18. What’s a key use case for abstract classes in Python using the abc module?

19. When modeling something like file I/O, where there are common operations (open, close, read, write) but the underlying implementation varies significantly, how could OOP help?

20. Which design pattern is commonly seen in Python’s standard library and makes heavy use of the __iter__ and __next__ magic methods?






 

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