Polymorphism & Abstraction | OOP Part - 5 | 13/100 Days of Python Algo Trading

Congratulations on reaching this stage!

If you’re here, it means you’re truly dedicated to mastering Python. Directly below, you’ll find a quiz designed to help you reinforce what you’ve just learned. This isn’t just about recalling facts; it’s about deeply understanding the concepts. Take a moment to answer the questions and see how well you can apply the knowledge from the video. You’re doing great—every question you tackle brings you one step closer to becoming a Python expert!

Day 13: Polymorphism & Abstraction | OOP Part – 5

1. In an algorithmic trading system, how can a `Portfolio` class relate to a `Stock` class to represent the ownership of multiple stocks?

Inheritance

Aggregation

Association

Composition

2. Which of the following best describes aggregation in a class diagram for an algorithmic trading system?

`Portfolio` inherits from `Stock`.

`Portfolio` contains a list of `Stock` objects.

`Stock` contains a reference to `Portfolio`.

`Portfolio` is an interface implemented by `Stock`.

3. In an inheritance hierarchy for an algorithmic trading system, which of the following is most likely to be a base class?

`Stock`

`EquityStock`

`BondStock`

`Portfolio`

4. Which constructor correctly initializes a `Stock` object with a symbol and price in an algorithmic trading system?

`def __init__(self, symbol): self.symbol = symbol`

`def __init__(self, symbol, price): self.symbol = symbol; self.price = price`

`def __init__(symbol, price): self.symbol = symbol; self.price = price`

`def __init__(): pass`

5. In an algorithmic trading system, why would you override a method in a subclass?

To change the visibility of the method.

To provide a specific implementation for a type of stock.

To prevent the method from being inherited.

To use the method without creating an object.

6. How do you call a parent class method in Python from a subclass method using the `super` keyword?

`super.method()`

`super().method()`

`self.super.method()`

`Parent.method()`

7. In an algorithmic trading system, how do you initialize a base class `Stock` from its subclass `EquityStock` using the `super` keyword?

`super.__init__(symbol, price)`

`super().init(symbol, price)`

`super().__init__(symbol, price)`

`super().__initialize__(symbol, price)`

8. In an algorithmic trading system, which of the following is an example of hierarchical inheritance?

`EquityStock` and `BondStock` inheriting from `Stock`.

`EquityStock` inheriting from `Stock` and then `PreferredStock` inheriting from `EquityStock`.

`Stock` inheriting from `Portfolio`.

`Stock` implementing multiple interfaces.

9. What type of inheritance is demonstrated when `BondStock` inherits from `Stock` and `ConvertibleBond` inherits from `BondStock`?

Single Inheritance

Multilevel Inheritance

Hierarchical Inheritance

Multiple Inheritance

10. In an algorithmic trading system, what is hybrid inheritance?

Combining single and multiple inheritance

Combining multilevel and hierarchical inheritance

Combining hierarchical and multiple inheritance

Combining single, multilevel, and multiple inheritance

11. In Python, how can the diamond problem be avoided when using multiple inheritance in an algorithmic trading system?

By using interfaces only

By using `super()` to ensure a single initialization path

By not using multiple inheritance

By making all methods static

12. How does polymorphism benefit an algorithmic trading system?

By allowing multiple implementations of the same interface

By restricting the use of methods to specific types

By preventing the reuse of code

By making the code more complex

13. Which of the following is true about method overriding in Python?

It allows the same method name to be used with different parameter types.

It allows a subclass to provide a specific implementation of a method defined in its superclass.

It requires the use of the `@override` decorator.

It is the same as method overloading.

14. Can you overload methods in Python like in Java?

Yes, by defining multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

No, Python does not support method overloading directly.

Yes, by using the `@overload` decorator.

Yes, but only for class methods.

15. How can you overload the addition operator for a `Stock` class in Python?

By defining an `__add__` method.

By defining a `__plus__` method.

By defining an `add` method.

By defining a `__concat__` method.

16. What is the main purpose of abstraction in an algorithmic trading system?

To hide implementation details and show only the functionality.

To allow multiple inheritance.

To create complex data structures.

To implement polymorphism.

17. In a banking system, which class would likely be at the top of the hierarchy?

`SavingsAccount`

`CheckingAccount`

`BankAccount`

`Customer`

18. What is an abstract class in Python?

A class that cannot be instantiated and is meant to be subclassed.

A class that contains only static methods.

A class that cannot have any methods.

A class that cannot inherit from any other class.

19. Which type of inheritance is demonstrated if `Trader` inherits from `Person`, and `AlgoTrader` inherits from `Trader`?

Single Inheritance

Multilevel Inheritance

Hierarchical Inheritance

Multiple Inheritance

20. What is the diamond problem in multiple inheritance?

A situation where a class inherits from two classes with the same method names, leading to ambiguity.

A situation where a class can only inherit from one superclass.

A situation where a class cannot override methods.

A situation where a class has multiple constructors.