Object-Oriented Programming Part - 4 | 12/100 Days of Python Algo trading

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Day 12: Object-Oriented Programming Part – 4

1. What are getter and setter methods used for in object-oriented programming?

A) To directly access and modify the values of private variables.

B) To process data before saving or retrieving it.

C) To control how a property of an object can be accessed or modified.

D) To initialize new objects.

2. What is a collection of objects in object-oriented programming?

A) A sequence used to store multiple methods.

B) A database specifically optimized for objects.

C) An assembly of various classes within a module.

D) A data structure, such as a list or dictionary, that holds multiple objects.

3. What is the purpose of static variables in a class?

A) They retain their value between function calls.

B) They are re-initialized every time an object is instantiated.

C) They can only be used in static methods.

D) They are used to store instance-specific data.

4. What is aggregation in object-oriented programming?

A) A process of creating a new class from an existing class.

B) A type of inheritance where one class inherits from multiple classes.

C) A relationship where one class is a part of another class, but both can exist independently.

D) The combining of data into a single class from multiple subclasses.

5. Choose the correct statement about inheritance in object-oriented programming.

A) It allows a class to inherit methods and properties from multiple classes.

B) It restricts a class to inherit features from only one superclass.

C) It is a mechanism where a new class is derived from an existing class.

D) It does not allow method overriding.

6. What does method overriding mean in the context of inheritance?

A) Changing the way a method works without altering its parameters.

B) Increasing the number of parameters in a method.

C) Replacing a method's functionality in the subclass, without changing its interface.

D) Renaming a method in the subclass.

7. What are the different types of inheritance supported in object-oriented programming?

A) Single, Double, Multiple

B) Single, Multi-level, Hierarchical, Multiple

C) Single, Dual, Triple

D) Main, Sub, Hybrid

8. Which type of inheritance allows a class to inherit from more than one class?

A) Single inheritance

B) Multiple inheritance

C) Multi-level inheritance

D) Hierarchical inheritance

9. Provide an example of method overriding in object-oriented programming.

A) A subclass redefining the implementation of its superclass's method `calculate()`.

B) A subclass adding an additional method `calculate()` that doesn't exist in the superclass.

C) A subclass creating a new method with the same name but different parameters.

D) A subclass using the same method implemented in the superclass.

10. What would be an example of aggregation in an algorithmic trading system?

A) A `TradingSystem` class contains objects of a `Trade` class.

B) A `Trade` class inherits all properties from a `Market` class.

C) A `Trade` class shares properties with `Stock` and `Forex` classes.

D) A `TradingSystem` class that exists only as part of a `Trader` class.

11. In an inheritance class diagram, how is inheritance typically represented?

A) With a dashed arrow pointing from the subclass to the superclass.

B) With a solid line connecting classes.

C) With a solid arrow pointing from the subclass to the superclass.

D) With a double line connecting classes.

12. Which scenario best describes a static variable in use?

A) A variable that counts the number of trades placed by all instances of the `Trader` class.

B) A variable that stores the name of a trader.

C) A variable used to calculate the trading fees for an individual trade.

D) A variable that holds the date and time of each trade.

13. How can getter and setter methods benefit an algorithmic trading application?

A) By providing a public API to access private data, ensuring that changes are controlled and validated.

B) By allowing unrestricted access to modify any attributes directly.

C) By removing the need for data validation.

D) By speeding up data access.

14. What is a practical use of multiple inheritance in an algorithmic trading context?

A) A `DataFeed` class that inherits both `RealTimeFeed` and `HistoricalFeed` to utilize combined functionalities.

B) A `Trader` class that inherits from a `Person` class to gain additional attributes.

C) A `MarketAnalysis` class that inherits directly from a base `Object` class.

D) All classes inheriting only from one superclass for simplicity.

15. What is one advantage of using encapsulation in a financial software system?

A) It allows classes to directly manipulate each other’s data.

B) It increases the coupling between different software components.

C) It keeps internal data hidden from outside interference, providing a way to protect the integrity of the data.

D) It enables easy data sharing across different modules.

16. How does the concept of 'pass by reference' work in object-oriented languages like Python when dealing with objects?

A) It passes only the value of an object to a function.

B) It passes an independent copy of the object to functions.

C) It passes the reference (or the address) of the object, not the actual object itself.

D) It locks the object so no other function can modify it simultaneously.

17. Which Python code snippet correctly illustrates creating a getter method for an encapsulated class attribute `_price`?

A) class Trade: def get_price(self): return self._price

B) class Trade: def price(self): return self._price

C) class Trade: def price_get(self): return self._price

D) class Trade: def return_price(self): return self._price

18. What correctly describes 'aggregation' over 'composition'?

A) Aggregation implies a stronger relationship where the life cycle of the contained objects depends on the life cycle of the container.

B) Aggregation implies a weaker relationship where the contained objects can exist independently of the life cycle of the container.

C) In aggregation, the container owns the contained object.

D) Aggregation and composition essentially mean the same thing in OOP.

19. How is a collection of objects typically handled in Python for trading algorithms?

A) Using lists or dictionaries to store instances of trade-related classes.

B) Through individual variable declarations for each object.

C) By using a single, global object that manages other objects.

D) By avoiding the use of collections due to performance concerns.

20. Which of the following is an example of method overriding in the context of inheritance in Python?

A) class Base: def print_msg(self): print("This is the Base class") class Derived(Base): def print_msg(self): print("This is the Derived class")

B) class Base: def print_msg(self): print("This is the Base class") class Derived(Base): def print_msg(self, msg): print(msg)

C) class Base: def print_msg(self): print("This is the Base class") class Derived(Base): pass

D) class Base: def print_msg(self): print("This is the Base class") class Derived(Base): def print_msg(self): super().print_msg() print("This is the Derived class")